Routine maintenance of CNC system (a)
Routine maintenance of CNC system (a)
In
order to extend the life cycle of wear parts and mechanical and
electrical parts, to prevent the occurrence of various failures,
especially serious accidents and reduce unnecessary accidents, extend
the life of the entire CNC system, CNC system to strengthen routine
maintenance it is very necessary. routine maintenance does not pay attention,
until a fault before trying to solve, this is worth the candle.
operator, maintenance and programming personnel must be familiar with
the operation, maintenance, diagnostic manuals and other information,
and information about the use of CNC machine tools and maintenance
requirements.
1.1 Characteristics of CNC machine tools
CNC machine operation and monitoring of all units completed in the NC, it is the brain of CNC machine tools. Compared with the general machine tools, CNC machine has the following characteristics:
● high precision, stable machining quality;
● can be multi-axis linkage, can process complex shape parts;
● When machining parts change, generally only need to change the NC program can save setup time;
● high precision machine itself, rigidity, choose the amount of
favorable processing, high productivity (generally ordinary machine
tools
3 to 5 times);
● high degree of automation tools, can reduce labor intensity;
● the operator a higher quality requirements, higher technical requirements for maintenance personnel.
1.2 Composition of CNC machine tools
(1) the host, is the subject of CNC machine tools, including
mechanical machine parts, column, spindle, feed mechanism, etc., is used
to complete a variety of mechanical parts machining.
(2) the numerical control device is the core of CNC machine
tools, including hardware and associated software for digital input part
program and complete the stored information input, transform,
interpolation operation data, and achieve a variety of
Proper operation and maintenance of one of the key factors is the proper use and maintenance of CNC equipment CNC equipment. Proper operation can prevent the use of the machine abnormal wear,
avoid sudden failure; do routine maintenance, enables the device to
maintain a good technical condition, delaying the process of
deterioration, timely detection and elimination of hidden faults, so as
to ensure safe operation.
A CNC machine's environment
CNC
equipment to improve the life of the general requirements to avoid
direct sunlight and other heat radiation, to avoid too wet, excessive
dust or corrosive gases place. Precision CNC equipment to stay away from large vibration equipment such as presses, forging equipment.
Second, a good supply guarantee
In
order to avoid large fluctuations of power (greater than ± 10%) and the
possible interference signals instant impact, numerical control
equipment generally use green power (such as low-voltage distribution
chamber from separate points the way for the use of CNC machine tools)
or an additional regulator device, etc., It can reduce the impact of power quality and electrical interference.
Third, the development of effective procedures
CNC machine tools in use and management, should develop a series of practical and effective procedures. Such
as lubrication, maintenance, rational use and specification of the
shift system, it is the main content of the use of numerical control
equipment and management. Develop and abide by the rules is one of the important measures to ensure the safe operation of CNC machine tools. Practice has proved that many failures can be reduced by the compliance with operating procedures.
Fourth, CNC equipment should not be long-term storage
After
the purchase of CNC machine tools to take full advantage, especially in
the first year and put into use, making it prone to failure exposed the
weak links as soon as possible, to be excluded from the warranty. Processing to minimize CNC machine tool spindle headstock to reduce clutch, gear and other devices wear. Without
processing tasks, CNC machine tools also regularly energized,
preferably 1 or 2 times per week to each dry run for about 1 hour to
take advantage of the heat of the machine itself, to reduce the humidity
inside the machine, the electronic components without moisture , but also to discover whether the low battery alarm, set the parameters of the system in order to prevent loss.
Fifth, CNC machine tool maintenance
Many
kinds of CNC machine tools, various types of CNC machine tools because
of their different functions, structure and systems, each with different
characteristics. Its
content and maintenance rules have their own characteristics, should be
based on their specific machine type, model and actual usage, and with
reference to the use of the machine specification requirements, develop
and build the necessary regular maintenance grading system. Here are some common, generic routine maintenance points.
Maintenance (a) CNC system
1, strict adherence to rules and routine maintenance of the system
CNC
equipment operators to strictly abide by the rules and routine
maintenance of the system, the technical quality of the business
operator is an important factor affecting the merits of failure
frequency. When the machine fails, the operator should pay attention to retain
the site, and to maintenance personnel truthfully explain the situation
before and after the malfunction occurred, in order to facilitate
analysis, diagnosis of the cause of the malfunction, immediately
removed.
2, to prevent dust and dirt from entering the interior of the apparatus NC
In
the machine shop air will generally have oil mist, dust or metal
powders, once they fall on the circuit board or electronic devices
within the NC system, easily lead to decreased insulation resistance
between components, even resulting in damage to the components and
circuit boards . Some
users in the summer in order to make long-term overload NC system can
work, take NC cabinet door open to dissipate heat, which is a highly
undesirable method, which will eventually lead to accelerated damage to
the CNC system, CNC cabinet should minimize open and strong electric doors.
3, to prevent the system from overheating
CNC cabinet should check whether each cooling fan is working properly. Every six months or once every quarter to check whether there is duct
filter clogging, the filter medium if excessive dust accumulation, not
cleared, it will cause CNC cabinet temperature is too high.
4 regular maintenance, CNC system input / output device
Before
the 1980s the production of CNC machine tools, mostly with a
photoelectric paper tape reader, if read with section contamination will
result in an error message reads. Therefore, we must according to the provisions of the photoelectric reader for maintenance.
5, regular inspection and replacement of DC brush motors
DC motor brushes for excessive wear, it will affect the performance of the motor, and even cause motor damage. To this end, regular inspection to deal with motor brushes and replacement. CNC lathes, milling machines, machining centers, etc., should be checked once a year.
6, regular inspection and replacement of storage batteries
Within
the general CNC system CMOSRAM memory device has a rechargeable battery
protection circuit to ensure that the contents of its memory can be
maintained while the system is not energized. In general, even if not expired, it should be replaced once a year to ensure the system works. Replacing the battery should be under the numerical control system
power state, replace the RAM in case when information is lost.
7. Maintenance of standby circuit board
Standby
printed circuit board not long, should be regularly loaded into the CNC
system is powered operation for some time, to prevent damage.
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